See puffer on Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "Clyde puffer"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "party puffer"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "peter puffer"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "pink puffer"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "porcupine puffer"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "pufferbelly"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "puffer coat"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "puffer jacket"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "Randall's puffer"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "threetooth puffer"
}
],
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"args": {
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"2": "puff<id:verb>",
"3": "-er<id:agent noun>",
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},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nEnglish puff\nProto-Indo-European *-yósder.\nProto-Italic *-āzios\nLatin -āriusnom.\nLatin -āriusbor.\nProto-Germanic *-ārijaz\nProto-West Germanic *-ārī\nOld English -ere\nMiddle English -ere\nEnglish -er\nEnglish puffer\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"agent noun\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"nom.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Nominalization of\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"adjective\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"adjective\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"suffix\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-yós\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-āzios\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ārius\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"nominalization\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ārius\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*-ārijaz\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*-ārī\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old English\", \"term\" : \"-ere\", \"lang\" : \"ang\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"-ere\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"-er\", \"lang\" : \"en\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"puffer\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"puffer\">",
"name": "ety"
},
{
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"2": "puff",
"3": "er"
},
"expansion": "puff + -er",
"name": "suffix"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "puffer train",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "clipping of puffer train",
"name": "clipping"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nEnglish puff\nProto-Indo-European *-yósder.\nProto-Italic *-āzios\nLatin -āriusnom.\nLatin -āriusbor.\nProto-Germanic *-ārijaz\nProto-West Germanic *-ārī\nOld English -ere\nMiddle English -ere\nEnglish -er\nEnglish puffer\nFrom puff + -er.\nThe cellular automata definition is a clipping of puffer train.",
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"tags": [
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]
}
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"name": "en-noun"
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"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Someone or something that puffs."
],
"id": "en-puffer-en-noun-dODx8HRL",
"links": [
[
"puff",
"puff"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "69 3 0 1 5 2 4 1 3 1 1 2 2 1 4",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "someone or something that puffs",
"word": "tupruttaja"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 3 0 1 5 2 4 1 3 1 1 2 2 1 4",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "someone or something that puffs",
"word": "puhisija"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 3 0 1 5 2 4 1 3 1 1 2 2 1 4",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "someone or something that puffs",
"word": "pölläyttäjä"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 3 0 1 5 2 4 1 3 1 1 2 2 1 4",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "someone or something that puffs",
"word": "puhaltaja"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 3 0 1 5 2 4 1 3 1 1 2 2 1 4",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "someone or something that puffs",
"word": "läähättäjä"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 3 0 1 5 2 4 1 3 1 1 2 2 1 4",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "someone or something that puffs",
"word": "puffaaja"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 3 0 1 5 2 4 1 3 1 1 2 2 1 4",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"sense": "someone or something that puffs",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "soprador"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 3 0 1 5 2 4 1 3 1 1 2 2 1 4",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"sense": "someone or something that puffs",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pitador"
}
]
},
{
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{
"_dis": "5 11 4 3 10 10 6 6 7 4 8 6 5 4 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms suffixed with -er",
"parents": [],
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},
{
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"kind": "other",
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{
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"kind": "other",
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"parents": [],
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}
],
"glosses": [
"Any of several poisonous fish, of the family Tetraodontidae, which have the ability to inflate their bodies when in danger."
],
"id": "en-puffer-en-noun-qSSclkSE",
"links": [
[
"poisonous",
"poisonous"
],
[
"fish",
"fish"
],
[
"Tetraodontidae",
"Tetraodontidae#Translingual"
],
[
"inflate",
"inflate"
]
]
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{
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"examples": [
{
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98,
104
]
],
"ref": "1983, Bill Oddie, Gone Birding, London: Methuen, page 96:",
"text": "For years he'd made relatively light of it, referring to the little inhaler he had to use as his ‘puffer’.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A manually-operated inhaler."
],
"id": "en-puffer-en-noun-TsC-IQVe",
"links": [
[
"inhaler",
"inhaler"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"A train; a locomotive, usually one that is steam-powered."
],
"id": "en-puffer-en-noun-o29css58",
"links": [
[
"childish",
"childish"
],
[
"train",
"train"
],
[
"locomotive",
"locomotive"
],
[
"steam",
"steam"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(dated, childish) A train; a locomotive, usually one that is steam-powered."
],
"tags": [
"childish",
"dated"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "5 10 2 4 17 7 11 2 8 5 4 6 7 6 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries referencing missing etymons",
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{
"_dis": "5 9 2 4 16 7 10 4 8 4 4 6 7 6 8",
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"name": "English entries with etymology trees",
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{
"_dis": "5 10 1 4 17 7 11 2 8 4 4 6 8 5 7",
"kind": "other",
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"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 10 1 4 17 7 12 2 8 5 1 7 9 7 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 11 4 3 10 10 6 6 7 4 8 6 5 4 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms suffixed with -er",
"parents": [],
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},
{
"_dis": "7 5 9 1 3 16 5 9 2 7 4 2 6 7 4 6 2 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
"parents": [],
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},
{
"_dis": "18 5 8 1 3 16 4 10 1 7 3 1 6 7 4 3 1 5",
"kind": "other",
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"kind": "other",
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{
"_dis": "5 14 2 5 13 6 16 2 6 4 2 6 10 4 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Finnish translations",
"parents": [],
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{
"_dis": "4 12 3 4 13 5 10 11 7 4 2 5 6 4 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Portuguese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 10 1 5 22 4 12 1 8 4 4 6 9 5 4",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Cetaceans",
"orig": "en:Cetaceans",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 8 2 4 18 3 9 8 13 4 1 6 7 4 8",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Occupations",
"orig": "en:Occupations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 10 1 5 23 4 13 1 8 4 1 6 9 5 4",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Tetraodontiforms",
"orig": "en:Tetraodontiforms",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A Clyde puffer, a kind of small ship."
],
"id": "en-puffer-en-noun-O6M3U1Oi",
"links": [
[
"Clyde puffer",
"Clyde puffer"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "5 11 4 3 10 10 6 6 7 4 8 6 5 4 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms suffixed with -er",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A car left idling to warm up, emitting steam from the rear."
],
"id": "en-puffer-en-noun-Mk80ltWH",
"raw_glosses": [
"(slang) A car left idling to warm up, emitting steam from the rear."
],
"tags": [
"slang"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Fashion",
"orig": "en:Fashion",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "4 16 1 7 11 5 20 2 6 3 2 4 12 4 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
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{
"_dis": "5 14 2 5 13 6 16 2 6 4 2 6 10 4 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Finnish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 12 3 4 13 5 10 11 7 4 2 5 6 4 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Portuguese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An insulated puffy jacket, such as a down jacket."
],
"id": "en-puffer-en-noun-CoypzXnh",
"links": [
[
"fashion",
"fashion"
],
[
"jacket",
"jacket"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(fashion) An insulated puffy jacket, such as a down jacket."
],
"topics": [
"fashion",
"lifestyle"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "4 12 3 4 13 5 10 11 7 4 2 5 6 4 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Portuguese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
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{
"_dis": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 51 49 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "People",
"orig": "en:People",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A person who gives exaggerated praise to a product, literary work, etc."
],
"id": "en-puffer-en-noun-~FsfaezM",
"links": [
[
"exaggerated",
"exaggerated"
],
[
"praise",
"praise"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(dated) A person who gives exaggerated praise to a product, literary work, etc."
],
"tags": [
"dated"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 51 49 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"kind": "other",
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}
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82,
88
]
],
"ref": "1834, The Law Library:",
"text": "Cicero in his Offices declares his opinion , that a vendor ought not to appoint a puffer to raise the price",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"One who is employed by the owner or seller of goods sold at auction to bid up the price; a by-bidder."
],
"id": "en-puffer-en-noun-Fk6o~7Hq",
"links": [
[
"goods",
"goods"
],
[
"auction",
"auction"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(dated, slang) One who is employed by the owner or seller of goods sold at auction to bid up the price; a by-bidder."
],
"tags": [
"dated",
"slang"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"An alchemist; so named from their constant attendance to the bellows of their furnaces."
],
"id": "en-puffer-en-noun-BqrEfjse",
"links": [
[
"derogatory",
"derogatory"
],
[
"alchemist",
"alchemist"
],
[
"bellows",
"bellows"
],
[
"furnace",
"furnace"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(derogatory) An alchemist; so named from their constant attendance to the bellows of their furnaces."
],
"tags": [
"derogatory"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"The common, or harbour, porpoise."
],
"id": "en-puffer-en-noun-RVY5BxM5",
"links": [
[
"porpoise",
"porpoise"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A kier used in dyeing."
],
"id": "en-puffer-en-noun-Yw91noFM",
"links": [
[
"kier",
"kier"
],
[
"dye",
"dye"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Glassblowing",
"orig": "en:Glassblowing",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A soffietta."
],
"id": "en-puffer-en-noun-Hwj4J6x7",
"links": [
[
"glassblowing",
"glassblowing"
],
[
"soffietta",
"soffietta"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(glassblowing) A soffietta."
],
"topics": [
"arts",
"crafts",
"glassblowing",
"hobbies",
"lifestyle"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Cellular automata",
"orig": "en:Cellular automata",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
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47,
53
],
[
101,
107
]
],
"ref": "1993 March 16, David Bell, “Life program (part 2/18)”, in comp.theory.cell-automata (Usenet):",
"text": "This is the next best thing, which is a pseudo-puffer made by converting a stream of spaceships into puffer output using several c/3 spaceships.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2008 June 25, Dave Greene, “B37/S23 - A Chaotic Universe.”, in comp.theory.cell-automata (Usenet):",
"text": "Might be interesting to see if the debris from this puffer can be suppressed somehow -- assuming somebody hasn't already done that, but I don't see any sign of previous attempts.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
90,
97
]
],
"ref": "2015, Paul Rendell, Turing Machine Universality of the Game of Life, page 133:",
"text": "The switch engine is unstable but a number of them working in combination can form stable puffers, spaceships and rakes.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A finite pattern that moves like a spaceship but leaves a trail of debris."
],
"id": "en-puffer-en-noun-ombE-JP2",
"links": [
[
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"cellular automata"
],
[
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"finite"
],
[
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"spaceship"
],
[
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"debris"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(cellular automata) A finite pattern that moves like a spaceship but leaves a trail of debris."
],
"topics": [
"cellular-automata",
"computing",
"engineering",
"mathematics",
"natural-sciences",
"physical-sciences",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "5 11 4 3 10 10 6 6 7 4 8 6 5 4 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms suffixed with -er",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 12 3 4 13 5 10 11 7 4 2 5 6 4 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Portuguese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A security device used to detect traces of explosives or drugs on a person, by blowing puffs of air that pick up tiny particles."
],
"id": "en-puffer-en-noun-UcmfGuqU",
"links": [
[
"security",
"security"
],
[
"device",
"device"
],
[
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"trace"
],
[
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"explosive"
],
[
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"drug"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈpʌfɚ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈpʌfə/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "En-au-puffer.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/46/En-au-puffer.ogg/En-au-puffer.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/46/En-au-puffer.ogg",
"tags": [
"Australia"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌfə(ɹ)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"topics": [
"fish",
"ichthyology",
"zoology",
"biology",
"natural-sciences"
],
"word": "globefish"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"topics": [
"fish",
"ichthyology",
"zoology",
"biology",
"natural-sciences"
],
"word": "pufferfish"
}
],
"word": "puffer"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "pufferen",
"tags": [
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "puffere",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "da-noun-infl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
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]
},
{
"form": "puffer",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
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"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pufferen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
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]
},
{
"form": "puffere",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pufferene",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
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"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "puffers",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pufferens",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pufferes",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pufferenes",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
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"genitive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"10": "puffere",
"11": "",
"12": "{{{pl-indef-2}}}",
"13": "",
"14": "{{{pl-indef-3}}}",
"15": "",
"16": "{{{com}}}",
"2": "noun",
"3": "singular definite",
"4": "pufferen",
"5": "",
"6": "{{{sg-def-2}}}",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "plural indefinite",
"checkredlinks": "1",
"f1accel-form": "def|s",
"f4accel-form": "indef|p",
"g": "c",
"g2": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "puffer c (singular definite pufferen, plural indefinite puffere)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "e"
},
"expansion": "puffer c (singular definite pufferen, plural indefinite puffere)",
"name": "da-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "e"
},
"name": "da-noun-infl"
},
{
"args": {
"g": "c",
"gen-pl-def": "pufferenes",
"gen-pl-def-2": "",
"gen-pl-def-3": "",
"gen-pl-indef": "pufferes",
"gen-pl-indef-2": "",
"gen-sg-def": "pufferens",
"gen-sg-def-2": "",
"gen-sg-indef": "puffers",
"gen-sg-indef-2": "",
"gen-sg-indef-3": "",
"pl-def": "pufferene",
"pl-def-2": "",
"pl-def-3": "",
"pl-indef": "puffere",
"pl-indef-2": "",
"pl-indef-3": "",
"sg-def": "pufferen",
"sg-def-2": "",
"sg-indef": "puffer"
},
"name": "da-noun-infl-base"
}
],
"lang": "Danish",
"lang_code": "da",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Danish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "da",
"name": "Chemistry",
"orig": "da:Chemistry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "24 4 7 1 3 13 4 8 1 6 3 1 4 6 5 4 1 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 5 8 1 3 16 4 10 1 7 3 1 6 7 4 3 1 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"buffer"
],
"id": "en-puffer-da-noun-0MqMKsDa",
"links": [
[
"chemistry",
"chemistry"
],
[
"buffer",
"buffer"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(chemistry) buffer"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "buffer"
}
],
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"topics": [
"chemistry",
"natural-sciences",
"physical-sciences"
]
}
],
"word": "puffer"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": ":af",
"3": "puff",
"4": "-er<id:verbal>"
},
"expansion": "[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" }, { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"influ.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Influenced by\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"verb suffix\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ere\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"influence\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-āre\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old French\", \"term\" : \"-ier\", \"lang\" : \"fro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Middle French\", \"term\" : \"-er\", \"lang\" : \"frm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"French\", \"term\" : \"-er\", \"lang\" : \"fr\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"French\", \"term\" : \"puffer\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"fr\" }\" data-lang=\"fr\" data-title=\"puffer\">",
"name": "ety"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "puff",
"3": "-er<id:verbal>"
},
"expansion": "puff + -er",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From puff + -er.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "fr-conj-auto",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "puffer",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "avoir + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive",
"multiword-construction"
]
},
{
"form": "puffant",
"ipa": "/py.fɑ̃/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"gerund",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "ayant + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"gerund",
"multiword-construction",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "puffé",
"ipa": "/py.fe/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "puffe",
"ipa": "/pyf/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "puffes",
"ipa": "/pyf/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "puffe",
"ipa": "/pyf/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "puffons",
"ipa": "/py.fɔ̃/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "puffez",
"ipa": "/py.fe/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "puffent",
"ipa": "/pyf/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "puffais",
"ipa": "/py.fɛ/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "puffais",
"ipa": "/py.fɛ/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "puffait",
"ipa": "/py.fɛ/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "puffions",
"ipa": "/py.fjɔ̃/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "puffiez",
"ipa": "/py.fje/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "puffaient",
"ipa": "/py.fɛ/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "puffai",
"ipa": "/py.fe/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"historic",
"indicative",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "puffas",
"ipa": "/py.fa/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"historic",
"indicative",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "puffa",
"ipa": "/py.fa/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"historic",
"indicative",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "puffâmes",
"ipa": "/py.fam/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"historic",
"indicative",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "puffâtes",
"ipa": "/py.fat/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"historic",
"indicative",
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "puffèrent",
"ipa": "/py.fɛʁ/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"historic",
"indicative",
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pufferai",
"ipa": "/py.fʁe/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"future",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pufferas",
"ipa": "/py.fʁa/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "puffera",
"ipa": "/py.fʁa/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pufferons",
"ipa": "/py.fʁɔ̃/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"future",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pufferez",
"ipa": "/py.fʁe/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pufferont",
"ipa": "/py.fʁɔ̃/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pufferais",
"ipa": "/py.fʁɛ/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"first-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pufferais",
"ipa": "/py.fʁɛ/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pufferait",
"ipa": "/py.fʁɛ/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pufferions",
"ipa": "/py.fə.ʁjɔ̃/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"first-person",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pufferiez",
"ipa": "/py.fə.ʁje/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pufferaient",
"ipa": "/py.fʁɛ/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "present indicative of avoir + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"multiword-construction",
"perfect",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"multiword-construction",
"pluperfect"
]
},
{
"form": "past historic of avoir + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"anterior",
"indicative",
"multiword-construction",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "future of avoir + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"multiword-construction",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "conditional of avoir + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"multiword-construction",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "puffe",
"ipa": "/pyf/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "puffes",
"ipa": "/pyf/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "puffe",
"ipa": "/pyf/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "puffions",
"ipa": "/py.fjɔ̃/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "puffiez",
"ipa": "/py.fje/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "puffent",
"ipa": "/pyf/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "puffasse",
"ipa": "/py.fas/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "puffasses",
"ipa": "/py.fas/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "puffât",
"ipa": "/py.fa/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "puffassions",
"ipa": "/py.fa.sjɔ̃/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "puffassiez",
"ipa": "/py.fa.sje/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "puffassent",
"ipa": "/py.fas/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "present subjunctive of avoir + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"multiword-construction",
"past",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"multiword-construction",
"pluperfect",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "puffe",
"ipa": "/pyf/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "puffons",
"ipa": "/py.fɔ̃/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "puffez",
"ipa": "/py.fe/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "simple imperative of avoir + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"multiword-construction",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "simple imperative of avoir + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"multiword-construction",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "simple imperative of avoir + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"multiword-construction",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "puffer",
"name": "fr-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "fr-conj-auto"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"to advertise"
],
"id": "en-puffer-fr-verb-D8KXhJ1D",
"links": [
[
"advertise",
"advertise"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to advertise"
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "20 80",
"kind": "other",
"name": "French entries referencing missing etymons",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 77",
"kind": "other",
"name": "French entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 81",
"kind": "other",
"name": "French entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "38 62",
"kind": "other",
"name": "French terms suffixed with -er (verbal)",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "43 57",
"kind": "other",
"name": "French verbs with conjugation -er",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to inhale vapor from an e-cigarette"
],
"id": "en-puffer-fr-verb-~lcQYGwd",
"links": [
[
"inhale",
"inhale"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive, informal, slang) to inhale vapor from an e-cigarette"
],
"tags": [
"informal",
"intransitive",
"slang"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/py.fe/"
}
],
"word": "puffer"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymon"
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "pufferen",
"tags": [
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "puffere",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "da-noun-infl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "puffer",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pufferen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "puffere",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pufferene",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "puffers",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pufferens",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pufferes",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pufferenes",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"10": "puffere",
"11": "",
"12": "{{{pl-indef-2}}}",
"13": "",
"14": "{{{pl-indef-3}}}",
"15": "",
"16": "{{{com}}}",
"2": "noun",
"3": "singular definite",
"4": "pufferen",
"5": "",
"6": "{{{sg-def-2}}}",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "plural indefinite",
"checkredlinks": "1",
"f1accel-form": "def|s",
"f4accel-form": "indef|p",
"g": "c",
"g2": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "puffer c (singular definite pufferen, plural indefinite puffere)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "e"
},
"expansion": "puffer c (singular definite pufferen, plural indefinite puffere)",
"name": "da-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "e"
},
"name": "da-noun-infl"
},
{
"args": {
"g": "c",
"gen-pl-def": "pufferenes",
"gen-pl-def-2": "",
"gen-pl-def-3": "",
"gen-pl-indef": "pufferes",
"gen-pl-indef-2": "",
"gen-sg-def": "pufferens",
"gen-sg-def-2": "",
"gen-sg-indef": "puffers",
"gen-sg-indef-2": "",
"gen-sg-indef-3": "",
"pl-def": "pufferene",
"pl-def-2": "",
"pl-def-3": "",
"pl-indef": "puffere",
"pl-indef-2": "",
"pl-indef-3": "",
"sg-def": "pufferen",
"sg-def-2": "",
"sg-indef": "puffer"
},
"name": "da-noun-infl-base"
}
],
"lang": "Danish",
"lang_code": "da",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Danish common-gender nouns",
"Danish entries with incorrect language header",
"Danish lemmas",
"Danish nouns",
"Danish nouns with red links in their headword lines",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"da:Chemistry"
],
"glosses": [
"buffer"
],
"links": [
[
"chemistry",
"chemistry"
],
[
"buffer",
"buffer"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(chemistry) buffer"
],
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"topics": [
"chemistry",
"natural-sciences",
"physical-sciences"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "buffer"
}
],
"word": "puffer"
}
{
"categories": [
"English clippings",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries referencing missing etymons",
"English entries with etymology trees",
"English entries with etymon",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from Proto-Italic",
"English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms suffixed with -er",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Pages with etymon",
"Rhymes:English/ʌfə(ɹ)",
"Rhymes:English/ʌfə(ɹ)/2 syllables",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"en:Cetaceans",
"en:Occupations",
"en:People",
"en:Tetraodontiforms"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "Clyde puffer"
},
{
"word": "party puffer"
},
{
"word": "peter puffer"
},
{
"word": "pink puffer"
},
{
"word": "porcupine puffer"
},
{
"word": "pufferbelly"
},
{
"word": "puffer coat"
},
{
"word": "puffer jacket"
},
{
"word": "Randall's puffer"
},
{
"word": "threetooth puffer"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "puff<id:verb>",
"3": "-er<id:agent noun>",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nEnglish puff\nProto-Indo-European *-yósder.\nProto-Italic *-āzios\nLatin -āriusnom.\nLatin -āriusbor.\nProto-Germanic *-ārijaz\nProto-West Germanic *-ārī\nOld English -ere\nMiddle English -ere\nEnglish -er\nEnglish puffer\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"agent noun\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"nom.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Nominalization of\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"adjective\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"adjective\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"suffix\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-yós\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-āzios\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ārius\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"nominalization\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ārius\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*-ārijaz\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*-ārī\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old English\", \"term\" : \"-ere\", \"lang\" : \"ang\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"-ere\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"-er\", \"lang\" : \"en\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"puffer\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"puffer\">",
"name": "ety"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "puff",
"3": "er"
},
"expansion": "puff + -er",
"name": "suffix"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "puffer train",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "clipping of puffer train",
"name": "clipping"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nEnglish puff\nProto-Indo-European *-yósder.\nProto-Italic *-āzios\nLatin -āriusnom.\nLatin -āriusbor.\nProto-Germanic *-ārijaz\nProto-West Germanic *-ārī\nOld English -ere\nMiddle English -ere\nEnglish -er\nEnglish puffer\nFrom puff + -er.\nThe cellular automata definition is a clipping of puffer train.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "puffers",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "puffer (plural puffers)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Someone or something that puffs."
],
"links": [
[
"puff",
"puff"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Any of several poisonous fish, of the family Tetraodontidae, which have the ability to inflate their bodies when in danger."
],
"links": [
[
"poisonous",
"poisonous"
],
[
"fish",
"fish"
],
[
"Tetraodontidae",
"Tetraodontidae#Translingual"
],
[
"inflate",
"inflate"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
98,
104
]
],
"ref": "1983, Bill Oddie, Gone Birding, London: Methuen, page 96:",
"text": "For years he'd made relatively light of it, referring to the little inhaler he had to use as his ‘puffer’.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A manually-operated inhaler."
],
"links": [
[
"inhaler",
"inhaler"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English childish terms",
"English dated terms"
],
"glosses": [
"A train; a locomotive, usually one that is steam-powered."
],
"links": [
[
"childish",
"childish"
],
[
"train",
"train"
],
[
"locomotive",
"locomotive"
],
[
"steam",
"steam"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(dated, childish) A train; a locomotive, usually one that is steam-powered."
],
"tags": [
"childish",
"dated"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A Clyde puffer, a kind of small ship."
],
"links": [
[
"Clyde puffer",
"Clyde puffer"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English slang"
],
"glosses": [
"A car left idling to warm up, emitting steam from the rear."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(slang) A car left idling to warm up, emitting steam from the rear."
],
"tags": [
"slang"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Fashion"
],
"glosses": [
"An insulated puffy jacket, such as a down jacket."
],
"links": [
[
"fashion",
"fashion"
],
[
"jacket",
"jacket"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(fashion) An insulated puffy jacket, such as a down jacket."
],
"topics": [
"fashion",
"lifestyle"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English dated terms"
],
"glosses": [
"A person who gives exaggerated praise to a product, literary work, etc."
],
"links": [
[
"exaggerated",
"exaggerated"
],
[
"praise",
"praise"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(dated) A person who gives exaggerated praise to a product, literary work, etc."
],
"tags": [
"dated"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English dated terms",
"English slang",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
82,
88
]
],
"ref": "1834, The Law Library:",
"text": "Cicero in his Offices declares his opinion , that a vendor ought not to appoint a puffer to raise the price",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"One who is employed by the owner or seller of goods sold at auction to bid up the price; a by-bidder."
],
"links": [
[
"goods",
"goods"
],
[
"auction",
"auction"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(dated, slang) One who is employed by the owner or seller of goods sold at auction to bid up the price; a by-bidder."
],
"tags": [
"dated",
"slang"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English derogatory terms"
],
"glosses": [
"An alchemist; so named from their constant attendance to the bellows of their furnaces."
],
"links": [
[
"derogatory",
"derogatory"
],
[
"alchemist",
"alchemist"
],
[
"bellows",
"bellows"
],
[
"furnace",
"furnace"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(derogatory) An alchemist; so named from their constant attendance to the bellows of their furnaces."
],
"tags": [
"derogatory"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"The common, or harbour, porpoise."
],
"links": [
[
"porpoise",
"porpoise"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A kier used in dyeing."
],
"links": [
[
"kier",
"kier"
],
[
"dye",
"dye"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Glassblowing"
],
"glosses": [
"A soffietta."
],
"links": [
[
"glassblowing",
"glassblowing"
],
[
"soffietta",
"soffietta"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(glassblowing) A soffietta."
],
"topics": [
"arts",
"crafts",
"glassblowing",
"hobbies",
"lifestyle"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"en:Cellular automata"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
47,
53
],
[
101,
107
]
],
"ref": "1993 March 16, David Bell, “Life program (part 2/18)”, in comp.theory.cell-automata (Usenet):",
"text": "This is the next best thing, which is a pseudo-puffer made by converting a stream of spaceships into puffer output using several c/3 spaceships.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2008 June 25, Dave Greene, “B37/S23 - A Chaotic Universe.”, in comp.theory.cell-automata (Usenet):",
"text": "Might be interesting to see if the debris from this puffer can be suppressed somehow -- assuming somebody hasn't already done that, but I don't see any sign of previous attempts.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
90,
97
]
],
"ref": "2015, Paul Rendell, Turing Machine Universality of the Game of Life, page 133:",
"text": "The switch engine is unstable but a number of them working in combination can form stable puffers, spaceships and rakes.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A finite pattern that moves like a spaceship but leaves a trail of debris."
],
"links": [
[
"cellular automata",
"cellular automata"
],
[
"finite",
"finite"
],
[
"spaceship",
"spaceship"
],
[
"debris",
"debris"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(cellular automata) A finite pattern that moves like a spaceship but leaves a trail of debris."
],
"topics": [
"cellular-automata",
"computing",
"engineering",
"mathematics",
"natural-sciences",
"physical-sciences",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A security device used to detect traces of explosives or drugs on a person, by blowing puffs of air that pick up tiny particles."
],
"links": [
[
"security",
"security"
],
[
"device",
"device"
],
[
"trace",
"trace"
],
[
"explosive",
"explosive"
],
[
"drug",
"drug"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈpʌfɚ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈpʌfə/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "En-au-puffer.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/46/En-au-puffer.ogg/En-au-puffer.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/46/En-au-puffer.ogg",
"tags": [
"Australia"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌfə(ɹ)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"topics": [
"fish",
"ichthyology",
"zoology",
"biology",
"natural-sciences"
],
"word": "globefish"
},
{
"topics": [
"fish",
"ichthyology",
"zoology",
"biology",
"natural-sciences"
],
"word": "pufferfish"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "someone or something that puffs",
"word": "tupruttaja"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "someone or something that puffs",
"word": "puhisija"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "someone or something that puffs",
"word": "pölläyttäjä"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "someone or something that puffs",
"word": "puhaltaja"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "someone or something that puffs",
"word": "läähättäjä"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "someone or something that puffs",
"word": "puffaaja"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"sense": "someone or something that puffs",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "soprador"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"sense": "someone or something that puffs",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pitador"
}
],
"word": "puffer"
}
{
"categories": [
"French 2-syllable words",
"French entries referencing missing etymons",
"French entries with etymon",
"French entries with incorrect language header",
"French first group verbs",
"French lemmas",
"French terms suffixed with -er (verbal)",
"French terms with IPA pronunciation",
"French verbs",
"French verbs with conjugation -er",
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymon"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": ":af",
"3": "puff",
"4": "-er<id:verbal>"
},
"expansion": "[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" }, { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"influ.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Influenced by\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"verb suffix\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ere\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"influence\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-āre\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old French\", \"term\" : \"-ier\", \"lang\" : \"fro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Middle French\", \"term\" : \"-er\", \"lang\" : \"frm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"French\", \"term\" : \"-er\", \"lang\" : \"fr\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"French\", \"term\" : \"puffer\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"fr\" }\" data-lang=\"fr\" data-title=\"puffer\">",
"name": "ety"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "puff",
"3": "-er<id:verbal>"
},
"expansion": "puff + -er",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From puff + -er.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "fr-conj-auto",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "puffer",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "avoir + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive",
"multiword-construction"
]
},
{
"form": "puffant",
"ipa": "/py.fɑ̃/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"gerund",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "ayant + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"gerund",
"multiword-construction",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "puffé",
"ipa": "/py.fe/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "puffe",
"ipa": "/pyf/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "puffes",
"ipa": "/pyf/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "puffe",
"ipa": "/pyf/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "puffons",
"ipa": "/py.fɔ̃/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "puffez",
"ipa": "/py.fe/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "puffent",
"ipa": "/pyf/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "puffais",
"ipa": "/py.fɛ/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "puffais",
"ipa": "/py.fɛ/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "puffait",
"ipa": "/py.fɛ/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "puffions",
"ipa": "/py.fjɔ̃/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "puffiez",
"ipa": "/py.fje/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "puffaient",
"ipa": "/py.fɛ/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "puffai",
"ipa": "/py.fe/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"historic",
"indicative",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "puffas",
"ipa": "/py.fa/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"historic",
"indicative",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "puffa",
"ipa": "/py.fa/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"historic",
"indicative",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "puffâmes",
"ipa": "/py.fam/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"historic",
"indicative",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "puffâtes",
"ipa": "/py.fat/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"historic",
"indicative",
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "puffèrent",
"ipa": "/py.fɛʁ/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"historic",
"indicative",
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pufferai",
"ipa": "/py.fʁe/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"future",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pufferas",
"ipa": "/py.fʁa/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "puffera",
"ipa": "/py.fʁa/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pufferons",
"ipa": "/py.fʁɔ̃/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"future",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pufferez",
"ipa": "/py.fʁe/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pufferont",
"ipa": "/py.fʁɔ̃/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pufferais",
"ipa": "/py.fʁɛ/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"first-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pufferais",
"ipa": "/py.fʁɛ/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pufferait",
"ipa": "/py.fʁɛ/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pufferions",
"ipa": "/py.fə.ʁjɔ̃/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"first-person",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pufferiez",
"ipa": "/py.fə.ʁje/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pufferaient",
"ipa": "/py.fʁɛ/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "present indicative of avoir + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"multiword-construction",
"perfect",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"multiword-construction",
"pluperfect"
]
},
{
"form": "past historic of avoir + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"anterior",
"indicative",
"multiword-construction",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "future of avoir + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"multiword-construction",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "conditional of avoir + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"multiword-construction",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "puffe",
"ipa": "/pyf/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "puffes",
"ipa": "/pyf/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "puffe",
"ipa": "/pyf/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "puffions",
"ipa": "/py.fjɔ̃/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "puffiez",
"ipa": "/py.fje/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "puffent",
"ipa": "/pyf/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "puffasse",
"ipa": "/py.fas/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "puffasses",
"ipa": "/py.fas/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "puffât",
"ipa": "/py.fa/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "puffassions",
"ipa": "/py.fa.sjɔ̃/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "puffassiez",
"ipa": "/py.fa.sje/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "puffassent",
"ipa": "/py.fas/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "present subjunctive of avoir + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"multiword-construction",
"past",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"multiword-construction",
"pluperfect",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "puffe",
"ipa": "/pyf/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "puffons",
"ipa": "/py.fɔ̃/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "puffez",
"ipa": "/py.fe/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "simple imperative of avoir + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"multiword-construction",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "simple imperative of avoir + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"multiword-construction",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "simple imperative of avoir + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"multiword-construction",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "puffer",
"name": "fr-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "fr-conj-auto"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"French transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to advertise"
],
"links": [
[
"advertise",
"advertise"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to advertise"
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"French informal terms",
"French intransitive verbs",
"French slang"
],
"glosses": [
"to inhale vapor from an e-cigarette"
],
"links": [
[
"inhale",
"inhale"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive, informal, slang) to inhale vapor from an e-cigarette"
],
"tags": [
"informal",
"intransitive",
"slang"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/py.fe/"
}
],
"word": "puffer"
}
Download raw JSONL data for puffer meaning in All languages combined (24.5kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-08-28 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-08-05 using wiktextract (872fc7b and 4deed51). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.